000			03212nam a22002897a 4500
003			OSt
005			20240408053900.0
008			180122b xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_cACKU
041			_a105
043			_aa-af---
050	0	0	_aرساله NK3639.P4 _bس _c929 _d1800
245	0	0	_a[سیاه مشق].
260			_a[ایران] : _c [ناشر مشخص نیست]، _b [بین سالهای 1800 - 1899].
300			_a1 صفحه ؛ _c 30 سانتی متر.
500			_aعنوان به انگلیسی : Siyah Mashq
500			_a“This calligraphic practice sheet includes a number of diagonal words and letters used in combinations facing upwards and downwards on the folio. The common Persian cursive script Nasta'liq is favored over the more "broken" Shikastah script. The calligraphic exercise is executed in black ink on a background painted in brown. It is provided with a purple frame decorated with gold vines and a second plain pink frame. The framed composition is pasted onto a thicker blue sheet decorated with gold flower sprays. These sheets, known as siyah mashq (literally black practice in Persian), were entirely covered with writing as a means to practice calligraphy while conserving paper. In time, they became collectible items and thus were signed and dated (this fragment, however, has no signature or date). Many fragments such as this one were provided with a variety of decorative borders and pasted to sheets ornamented with plants or flowers painted in gold. A number of siyah mashq sheets executed at the turn of the 17th century by the great Iranian master of Nasta'liq script, ʻImād al-Ḥasanī (died 1024 AH/1615), were preserved in muraqqa'at (albums) and provided with illumination by Muhammad Hadi (active circa 1160–72 AH/1747–59). As an established genre, practice sheets followed certain rules of formal composition, largely guided by rhythm and repetition. Although siyah mashq sheets survive from about 1600, they seem to have been a particularly popular genre during the second half of the 19th century, during the artistic revival spearheaded by the Qajar ruler Nāṣir al-Dīn Shāh, shah of Iran in 1848–96.”—library of congress
500			_aThe Library of Congress donated copies of the digitized material (along with extensive bibliographic records) containing more than 163,000 pages of documents to ACKU, the collections that include thousands of historical, cultural, and scholarly materials dating from the early 1300s to the 1990s includes books, manuscripts, maps, photographs, newspapers and periodicals related to Afghanistan in Pushto, Dari, as well as in English, French, German, Russian and other European languages ACKU has a PDF copy of the item.
500			_aعنوان توسط فهرستنویس تهیه گردیده.
500			_aاین نسخه فقط به شکل پی دی اف در کتابخانه موجود می باشد.
546			_a105
650		0	_aCalligraphy, Persian.
650		0	_aIlluminations.
690			_aخطاطی، فارسی.
856			_qPDF _uhttps://doi.org/10.29171/azu_acku_risalah_nk3639_p4_seen929_1800
942			_2lcc _cMON _kazu_acku_risalah_nk3639_p4_seen929_1800
999			_c41624 _d41621